薰衣草、茉莉、洋甘菊、檀香或佛手柑精油吸入性芳香療法對心率變異度的影響

薰衣草、茉莉、洋甘菊、檀香或佛手柑精油吸入性芳香療法對心率變異度的影響

姓名	何毓倫(Yu-lun Ho)	電子郵件信箱	E-mail 資料不公開
畢業系所	自然醫學研究所(Institute of Natural Healing Science)
畢業學位	碩士(Master)	畢業時期	95學年第2學期
論文名稱(中)	薰衣草、茉莉、洋甘菊、檀香或佛手柑精油吸入性芳香療法對心率變異度的影響
論文名稱(英)	Effects of Inhalation of Essential Oils on Heart Rate Variability
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		論文語文/頁數	中文/67
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摘要(中)	本實驗的目的在了解使用薰衣草、茉莉、洋甘菊、檀香或佛手柑精油吸入性芳香療法應用於162位健康大學生生理參數的影響。實驗前，受試者先進行心率變異度分析5分鐘，每種精油使用量為0.15mL，以超音波噴霧吸入的方式進行10分鐘的芳香療法，之後再做心率變異度分析後測5分鐘。藉由記錄芳香療法前後的心率變異數值來評估薰衣草、茉莉、洋甘菊、檀香或佛手柑對於自主神經系統的反應，同時亦以佛手柑精油的主要香味化合物乙酸沉香酯，檢驗吸入前後的心率變異度變化。心率變異的測量值包括心跳數、高頻功率、低頻功率與低頻/高頻功率比等。本研究採敘述性統計與配對樣本t檢定比較前後測測量值，並使用單因子共變數分析(One-way ANCOVA)及平均測量值(Δ, %)的〔（後測值－前測值）/前測值〕，再使用單因子變異數分析(ANOVA)比較五組精油間之組間差異。P＜0.05表示具有統計上的意義。 　 　　結果顯示：受試者使用薰衣草精油在心率變異測量值中，低頻/高頻功率比(P＝0.048)顯著增加，顯示使用薰衣草精油吸入性芳香療法具活化交感神經活性。使用洋甘菊(P＜0.01)、檀香(P＝0.02)與佛手柑精油(P＝0.037) 吸入性芳香療法後，在取對數後高頻功率測量值皆上升，且洋甘菊在低頻功率/高頻功率比(P＜0.01)測量值下降，顯示使用洋甘菊、檀香與佛手柑三種精油吸入性芳香療法具有提升副交感神經活性，可達到舒緩放鬆的效果。使用茉莉精油雖然能使取對數後低頻功率提升些微提升，但不具顯著性，顯示使用茉莉精油吸入性芳香療法活化交感神經活性效果不明顯。受試者使用佛手柑精油的主要香味化合物乙酸沉香酯之吸入性芳香療法後，在取對數後高頻功率(P＜0.01)測量值及常規化高頻功率(P＜0.01)測量值顯著上升，常規化低頻功率(P＜0.01)測量值顯著下降，顯示使用乙酸沉香酯成分吸入性芳香療法與佛手柑精油相同，具有提升副交感神經活性的效果。經單因子變異數分析後顯示，薰衣草及茉莉精油具有相同的上升交感神經活性特質；洋甘菊、檀香則具有相同的上升副交感神經活性特質。佛手柑精油雖具有上升交感神經活性特質，但不顯著。
摘要(英)	This research aims to investigate the effects of inhalation of essential oils including lavender, jasmine, chamomile, sandalwood, bergamot, and linalyl acetate which is the main ingredient of bergamot, on the autonomic nervous system. Parameters of Heart Rate Variability (HRV) including heart rate, high frequency signal, low frequency signal, and low to high frequency ratio were measured on 162 university students before and after inhalation of the essential oils. Paired t-test was used to compare pre- and post-test data. One-way Analysis of Covariance (ANCOVA) using baseline data as the covariates and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) on mean percentage pre-post changes were used to compare the differences between the five essential oil groups. P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant. 　 　　Results showed that the low to high frequency ratio was significantly increased (P=0.048) after the inhalation of lavender essential oil, indicating an activation of sympathetic nervous system. Natural- logarithmic transformed high frequency signal was significantly increased after the inhalation of chamomile (P<0.01), sandalwood (P=0.02), and bergamot essential oils (P=0.037), indicating an activation of the parasympathetic nervous system.A significant increase in the low to high frequency ratio was observed after the inhalation of chamomile (P<0.01). Therefore, inhalation of chamomile, sandalwood, and bergamot essential oils could activate the parasympathetic nervous system leading to a relaxation effect. Inhalation of jasmine essential oil led to a slight increase in the natural-logarithm transformed low frequency signal but the change was not statistically significant. Therefore, the parasympathetic nervous system did not changed significantly with the using of jasmine essential oil. 　 　　A significant increase in natural-logarithm transformed high frequency signals (P<0.01), normalized high frequency signals (P<0.01), and a decrease in normalized low frequency signals (P<0.01) after the inhalation of linalyl acetate were observed. This indicated that the inhalation of linalyl acetate could activate the parasympathetic nervous system similar to the results observed from the inhalation of the bergamot essential oil. Results from the one-way ANOVA indicated that lavender and jasmine essential oils could activate the sympathetic nervous system whereas chamomile and sandalwood essential oils could activate the parasympathetic nervous system. Although Bergamot essential oils could activate the sympathetic nervous system, the changes were not statistically significant.
關鍵字(中)	心率變異 精油 芳香療法 自主神經	關鍵字(英)	aromatherapy essential oils heart rate variability autonomic nervous system
論文目次	摘要......................................................i 英文摘要................................................iii 目錄......................................................v 圖次目錄...............................................viii 表次目錄.................................................ix 英文縮寫索................................................x 　 第一章 緒論.............................................1 　1.1 研究動機及目的...................................1 　1.2 名詞定義.........................................2 　　1.2.1 心率變異度(heart rate variability, HRV)........2 　　1.2.2 芳香療法.......................................5 　　1.2.3 植物精油.......................................5 　 第二章 文獻回顧.........................................8 　2.1 心率變異.........................................8 　　2.1.1 心率變異度的歷史演進...........................8 　　2.1.2 心率變異度的生理意義...........................8 　　2.1.3 心率變異度的影響因素..........................11 　　2.1.4 心率變異度的臨床應用.........................12 　2.2 芳香療法........................................15 　2.3 植物精油........................................19 　　2.3.1 蒸餾法........................................19 　　2.3.2 壓榨法........................................19 　　2.3.3 油脂萃取法....................................19 　　2.3.4 溶劑萃取法....................................19 　　2.3.5 浸泡法........................................19 　　2.3.6 超臨界二氧化碳萃取法..........................19 　2.4 各精油的化學組成................................20 　　2.4.1 薰衣草精油的化學組成..........................20 　　2.4.2 佛手柑精油的化學組成..........................22 　　2.4.3 茉莉精油的化學組成............................22 　　2.4.4 洋甘菊精油的化學組成..........................24 　　2.4.5 檀香精油的化學組成............................24 　　2.4.6 乙酸沈香酯的化學特性..........................24 　 第三章 研究方法........................................26 　3.1 研究設計與研究架構..............................26 　3.2 研究對象、材料與場..............................26 　　3.2.1研究對象.......................................26 　　3.2.2測量之材料與儀器設備...........................27 　　3.2.3芳香療使用之材料...............................27 　3.3 研究步驟........................................28 　　3.3.1篩選個案.......................................28 　　3.3.2研究過程.......................................28 　3.4資料處理與分析...................................29 　3.5實驗流程.........................................31 　3.6研究問題.........................................32 　3.7倫理考量.........................................32 　　3.7.1簽署同意書.....................................32 　　3.7.2 個案權益及隱私權的保護.........................32 　 第四章 研究結果........................................33 　4.1研究對象基本資料.................................33 　4.2 芳香療法吸入前後對受試者心率變異度改變之結果....36 　4.3 乙酸沉香酯吸入前後對心率變異度改變結果..........43 　4.4 五種精油組間前後差異比較........................45 　4.5 佛手柑精油及乙酸沉香酯間組間前後差異比較........50 　 第五章 討論............................................52 　5.1芳香療法吸入前後對心率變異度改變之結果討論.......52 　5.2乙酸沉香酯吸入前後對心率變異度改變之結果討論.....56 　5.3五種精油組間前後差異比較討論.....................56 　5.4 佛手柑精油及乙酸沉香酯間組間差異討論............57 　 第六章 結論............................................58 　6.1 結論............................................58 　6.2研究限制與未來研究之建議.........................59 　 參考文獻...............................................60 　 附錄一 受試者基本資料..................................66 附錄二 受試者同意書....................................67
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口試委員	辜美安 - 召集委員 蘇純立 - 委員 余哲仁 - 指導教授
口試日期	2007-06-15	繳交日期	2007-07-19